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Part IV
You Can Own a Business if You Obey These
50 Do's and Don'ts on (Small Personal) Business Management
THESE ARE practical points to save you from the fate of so many who
enter business and fail (about 95 out of 100). The most widespread
failure to succeed is lack of preparation, experience, capital and competence.
But these things can be acquired, even from books. There is really
no good excuse for a small personal business failing if reasonable care
has been exercised, and simple common sense. Business is really applied
common sense, nothing else. If you go into a business for which you are
personally not fitted, is that common sense? If you go into a business
blithely without any preparation, is that common sense? If you go into
business without any preparation in the thing you will deal in, or make
no effort to hire, study or acquire some experience, is that common sense?
If you go into business without enough money (or credit) for the absolute
essentials of operating that business, is that common sense? Of course not!
So, we have put down here the fifty don'ts and do's which will tip
you off on your operation's critical points to watch. There isn't room to
go into a lot of detail, but "a word to the wise is sufficient". Recognizing
a warning is half the battle.
Remember, we are dealing here with very simple, ordinary business
operation, a very small "personal" business to start with. That's how
most big business started, anyhow, (Henry Ford in his little shed, C. A.
Post in his little outhouse; neither with scarcely any money to pay for
help). That's the far safer way to begin, than with a great, extravagant
flourish, a ruinous "overhead" expense; a refusal to face elemental financial
facts; a desire to make haste and a lot of money quick; a belief that you
can run before you can walk.
Here are the fifty do's and don'ts-
- Do start operation in your own home, if at all possible.
- Don't have false pride and a show-off attitude, and, because of these,
put on an expensive "front".
- Do have good operating office and accounting facilities, with desk,
files, orderly system.
- Do have an excellent letterhead, billheads, cards, with adequate advertising
on it; not cheap, poorly printed material.
- Do have good telephone service, rightly listed, with your telephone
number on all your printed matter.
- Do have a fitting sign outside, briefly describing your name and
service.
- Don't have an incompetent person answer your phone calls. Use
careful courtesy in phone conversation.
- Don't expect immediate profitable operation.
- Don't fail to keep records of all transactions.
- Do subscribe to all technical journals dealing with your specialty or
line.
- Do start with a money reserve in bank, however modest.
- Do have modern up-to-date tools, the equipment of good machinery
necessary.
- Do use first class, not cheap or shoddy materials.
- Do attend very meticulously to your credit standing, so as not to
get any reputation for slow or reluctant payment.
- Do discount your bills, if at all possible, even though it pinches.
- Don't fail to pay an obligation as per your promise, even if you have
to borrow to do it. Business reputation is based on promise-keeping.
- Do not hire any help you can possibly do without until there is very
clear evidence that you will have work enough. Do all possible work
yourself.
- Do keep in close personal touch with customers, even if there is no
order at the moment.
- Don't let any customer feel that you are casual or indifferent to his
patronage.
- Don't charge "what the traffic will bear"—charge a reasonable, honest
price that will make the customer want to come back.
- Do some advertising—after giving most careful attention to the best
that you can really afford.
- Don't fail to make careful reports for tax and other government
requirement, on time.
- Don't take in a partner hastily because he has money and you need
it badly. A partner who is not a productive force in the business
can be a fatal drag.
- Don't "sell stock" or incorporate. It is not a type or size of business
which calls for stock-selling or incorporation.
- Do hire competent help when you really need it to meet promises to
customers and keep them from exasperation at delay.
- Do bend every energy to "meet your deadlines," deliver your jobs at
the time promised, meticulously.
- Do expect customers to pay promptly, and do send statements, on the
first of the month, without fail.
- Do call your customers on the phone, asking (pleasantly) for payment
if their account passes 30 days.
- Do have clear understandings with customers—on instructions, materials,
prices, terms. Permit no chance of misunderstanding.
- Don't be discourteous with a cranky customer—keep cool and offer
reasonable satisfaction of claims.
- Don't take verbal instructions—try to have them put in writing, or
else you put them in writing and confirm.
- Do use every opportunity presented to push or publicize yourself
and your work. Look for whatever publicity is possible.
- Don't fail to ask a particularly well-satisfied customer for a letter
expressing such satisfaction. Such letters are useful in persuading
some reluctant customers.
- Don't quarrel or row with any employee or customer, as it starts a
current of ill will which may spread by word of mouth.
- Don't expand too fast and optimistically or you may lose what surplus
you have rolled up.
- Don't let a poor helper or incompetent workman create dissatisfaction
or make a poor representation of your standards.
- Do put back into your business at least a 20% share of your net
profit, so that your service will be improved, modernized.
- Don't let an enthusiastic sales representative claim more, promise
more than you can deliver.
- Don't stretch a point or take a chance on "getting away" with poor
service or over-charging.
- Don't let more than 30 days go by without contacting your customers.
- Don't fear competition, but if you get stiff and dangerous competition,
sail in and offer something unusual.
- Do keep your set-up flexible without too many hard and fast commitments)
so that in times of slump—you can trim down to a "skeleton"
organization.
- Don't splurge on your "inventory" your stock of materials, in the
hope of profiting from price rises, or for any other reason. Always
buy only for a 30 to 60 days period ahead (or less if it is fitting to
do so). Don't let salesmen over-sell you.
- Don't give anybody any promissory notes—they have a way of suddenly
coming due at most dangerously bad times, and could bankrupt
you.
- Do constantly try to widen your territory or number of customers.
- Don't get set in a rut, without effort at growth. A business is always
dying at one end, growing at another end. If you're in a rut, the
business must die for lack of new growth.
- Do establish early personal relationship at a good bank, seeing to it
that you meet one of the vice presidents, and that he knows your
business.
- Do borrow money on short (90-day term) from the bank in the
ordinary course of business, and meticulously pay back the loan on
due date, even if you borrow some more shortly thereafter.
- Do travel about to see what others are doing in your field, to get
new ideas.
- Don't try to do everything yourself if your business increases; and if
you hire somebody to help run the business be sure to give both
responsibility and authority to them and don't expect them to do
everything precisely as you would do it.
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Note: To account for inflation, multiply prices by 8 to 10.
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